The Danger Of Cyber Attacks On Power Plants - 1542 Words

The danger of cyber-attacks on power plants are something that needs to be looked at closely to avoid costly deadly incidents. Cybersecurity has become a vital component of our world today and it needs to evolve fast to keep up in its protection from the outside. Cybersecurity protects us from unauthorized shutdowns, break-ins, financial and social ruin. We live in a world that has become completely reliant on computers for everything. They are able to cause chaos and even shutdown â€Å"nuclear centrifuges, air defense systems, and electrical grids.† (Hathaway, Crootof, Levitiz, Nix, Nowlan, Perdue Spiegel, 2012) Cyber-attacks are more common today due to the increase capability of technology. Important information along with every aspect of people’s lives are kept on computers or cell phones which are vulnerable at all times. An example of this would be the leaked snapchat photos of celebrities, stolen identities and unauthorized access from an outside computer into a power plant. In New York State we have four nuclear power plants. These nuclear power plants contribute to the economy, society and the environment. The Nuclear power plants are â€Å"Entergy’s Fitzpatrick in Scriba and Indian Point in Buchanan, and Exelon’s Ginna in Ontario and Nine mile point in Scriba - provide New York households and employers with over 5,000 megawatts (MW)of emissions-free electricity and nearly 42 million megawatt hours (MWh) of annual electricity generation.† (Investment Weekly News, 2015)Show MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Cyber Warfare1531 Words   |  7 Pagesthat can fit on a computer chip will double. This exponential growth of computing power has brought the human race to a point where we can almost no longer be completely human. While these advancements were done with strong and positive intentions, new security dangers have arisen along with them. Though a large chunk of these dangers are studied and well known by some, little is b eing done to prevent these dangers and it needs to change. Starting off, one of the most critical issues the UnitedRead MoreSupervisory Control and Data Acquisition System Attacks Essay854 Words   |  4 Pages Cyber threats to the energy infrastructure are pervasive. Reports have indicated numerous attempts to enter the nation’s information technology architectures are credible. Is has become common today that threats come from many origins. Some threats are traced from intentional or accidental incidents. 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The necessity of an international treaty can be viewed when examining the dangers of cyber warfare and the abilities of Russia and the United States to spark a cyber conflict. â€Å"The reality,† Claims Michael Chertoff in a 2008 issue of Regulations Governance, â€Å"is that cyber attacks are not decreasing; in fact, they are increasingRead MoreA Country Description Of Japan Essay1604 Words   |  7 Pagesearthquakes) every year, in addition to tsunamis and typhoons. After its defeat in World War II, Japan recovered to become an economic power and an ally of the US. Japan, whose capital is Tokyo, maintains a parliamentary constitutional monarchy While the emperor retains his throne as a symbol of national unity, elected politicians hold actual decision-making power. 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The introduction, development and operation of information and communication technologies have been accompanied by an increase in criminal accomplishments. With regard to cyberspace, the Internet is increasely been used as a tool and medium by organized crime. In order to commit cybercrime, cyber weapon are needed. The first known cyber weapon to have ever been created was the Stuxnet virus that was discovered in the late summer of 2010. ToRead MoreCyber-War and Cyber-Terrorism Defined2092 Words   |  8 PagesCyber-War and Cyber-Terrorism Defined In order to properly answer the question posed we must first define what cyber-war and cyber-terrorism are. The Oxford Dictionaries defines cyber-war as â€Å"The use of computer technology to disrupt the activities of a state or organization, especially the deliberate attacking of communication systems by another state or organization:† Although there is no dictionary definition of cyber-terrorism, The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has definedRead MoreCyber Warfare : A Nation State Or International Organization Essay2110 Words   |  9 Pages Cyber Warfare Introduction: Cyber warfare involves the actions by a nation-state or international organization to attack and attempt to damage another nation s computers or information networks through, for example, computer viruses or denial-of-service attack. The Internet has experienced a magnificent development over the past two decades, from a petite network limited chiefly to the scientific society to a universal network that counts more than two billion users. With development came rising

My Experience At Oasis Tutoring Center Essay - 938 Words

Introduction This past fall I had the chance to volunteer at Oasis Tutoring Center. I thought going in that I was going to show up to get my hours done for my class. I didn’t think about how heavy this experience would embark on my heart. The slogan for Oasis is â€Å"Healing Hearts.† This is exactly what happened during my experience at Oasis. Not only did I heal hearts during my tutoring experience, my heart was also healed somehow during it too. This experience will stay with me forever as a teacher and in everyday life. I am so thankful that I could be apart of something so empowering. Field Experience Site- Oasis Oasis is a program for the children of immigrant families whom live in this 200 Mobil home village. Majority of the families only speak Spanish. All the kids attend a charter school down the street from all their homes. After school, the children from Pre-k to 4th grade attend this tutoring program. There are around 85 students who attend Oasis. This program is here to help children with their homework and to help them learn too. Like I previously stated, many of the families only speak Spanish so they are unable to help their children with their homework. I tutored three boys; they were in the second grade so they were 7-8 years old. I had two excelling second graders and one that lacked a little. Come to find out it was just a family issue that happened less than a year ago so he was having a hard time. When I could get the third boy in the mood to learn, he wasShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of A Multicultural Education And How A Student s Race And Ethnicity Influences951 Words   |  4 PagesFor past field experiences, I chose to volunteer at Oasis Catà ³lico. However, although I have had a very formative experience with that program and chose to continue volunteering for them this semester, I decided to add an additional volunteer placement to my schedule. Due to the fact that, on a lucky day at Oasis, tutors may have to work with only two students rather than four, I wanted to have a volunteer experience where I could focus all of my attention on one student for the whole entire semesterRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesoverlap with the preceding period and disconcertingly radical shifts in the course of global development in the 1900s, contradictory forces and trends, which perhaps more than any other attribute distinguish this turbulent phase of the human experience, render it impervious to generalized pronouncements and difficult to conceptualize broadly. As the essays in this collection document in detail, paradox pervades the time span we call the twentieth century, no matter how it is temporally delineated

Hand Turnover Rates in Sydney Restaurant - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: What are the factors that promote high turnover rate in the food and beverage industry? How are the individual factors interrelated in terms of impact on turnover rate? How could the turnover rate be reduced in case of Kitchen Hand? Answer: Introduction The hospitality sector and the domain of food and beverages are subject to considerable changes owing to the frequent changes in the market environment. It is imperative for organizations with new and upcoming concepts in the sector of food and beverages have to rely on competent workforce in order to sustain the threats of the business environment. As per Ahuja Kumari, the impact of external factors such as political instability, economic downturns, social conflicts and technological advancements has created the consequences of varying trends in employment in restaurants and speciality food outlets (Ahuja Kumari, 2013). Therefore the concerns for employee turnover have also been observed profoundly in context of the evolving industry trends and variability of internal factors of the organization. The following review presents a critical reflection on the variable dimensions of employee turnover primarily emphasizing on the factors that lead to increment in employee turnover. The hospitality industry is classified as a service based industry and hence it is dependent on the effective management of human resources in order to realize economic advantages. The consequences of employee turnover could be analysed from a personal perspective in order to obtain a reasonable explanation pertaining to crucial nature of costs and outcomes related to employee turnover. The foremost impact of employee turnover could be noticed in the exclusion of talented, experienced and skilled employees who could have proved to be the primary source of sustainability for the organization. The loss of employees is a notable problem for the organization since it is liable to lose advantage rendered by experience and talent of the employees. Thereafter, the evidence of costs associated with the replacement and training of the newly inducted employees could be assumed as promising indicators of the negative impacts of employee turnover. I consider employee turnover to be a problem spe cifically due to the specific implications of long serving employees characterized by a deep association with the organization which helps them in performing their tasks efficiently. On the other hand, employee turnover also leads to the departure of the abilities, skills and knowledge as well as the investment of the organization for training of employees. The detrimental consequences of employee turnover could also be observed in the extent to which the organization goes for investment in acquisition and development of talent that would be alternatively beneficial for the competitors. Competitors are more likely to acquire the benefits of high employee turnover in an organization wherein the investments of the organization in development of talent would be leveraged by the competitors. Furthermore, the relation between customer satisfaction and employee turnover also reflects on the negative impact that could be obtained from higher employee turnover. An organization faces the imp lications of lower than average levels of customer satisfaction with respect to increased scales of employee turnover. The observation of particular characteristics of satisfied employees committed to the long term development of organization i.e. lower employee turnover lead to outcomes of customer satisfaction and loyalty. Employee turnover and customer turnover are cognizably related to each other thereby depicting the detrimental consequences that can be associated with high employee turnover. The costs associated with employee turnover could be classified into hard dollar and soft dollar costs and explicit costs. Employee turnover could be accounted in case of non-exempt employees to around 50% of their annual salary. The cost of turnover could also be raised up to 150% in case of the annual salary of an exempt employee. The hard dollar costs refer to the tangible or quantifiable expenses pertaining to employee turnover which involve recruitment, training, separation, replacement and vacancy. These investments are observed explicitly in the initial three months especially in case of training of new employees which could be assumed to be wasted if the employee leaves in the first year. The category of soft dollar costs reflects on the intangible factors and the expenses are largely associated with the costs involved in the improvement of employee morale, elevating the customer satisfaction and capitalizing on lost business opportunities. The measures of an organization for investing in the training, development, maintenance and retention of human capital could be assumed as mandatory aspects of human resource management. The investments in employees can be assumed as the primary rationale for managers to emphasize on the management of employee turnover. According to Bair Jackson, the lack of a standard framework needed to apprehend the process of employee turnover from a comprehensive point of view creates the implications for the impact of varying factors on employee turnover. Subsequently, the comprehensive reflection results in identification of the sources of employee turnover and the outcomes that can assist the management in fabricating strategic direction for decreasing the employee turnover (Bair Jackson, 2013). The actual implications of high turnover for the strategic performance of an enterprise in the hospitality sector could be derived from the classification of voluntary and involuntary turnover. The voluntary turnover is identified in the case of employees quitting the organization for their specific reasons. The other category of involuntary turnover is accountable for reduction in employee strength on the basis of layoffs or downsizing that are implemented by employers. Actually high turnover implies the comparatively higher rates of employees leaving the organization at distinct periods of time especially observed in the proliferation of involuntary turnover concerns due to the longer periods of voluntary turnover. Generally, the implications of high turnover also indicate that the human resource management is insufficient alongside suggesting formidable indications towards the insufficiencies on behalf of the front line supervisors. The presentation of specific characteristics per taining to the average working period of a kitchen hand supervisor in the BB restaurant could be assumed as a functional description of the causes for employee turnover. The working hours for a kitchen hand supervisor have been estimated at 40 hours every week which is the average demand of the restaurant from the specific job description of kitchen hand supervisor. Literature review: The developing intensity of globalization has led to the requirement for organizations in the service based industries to depend on the services, tangible products and strategies that can be provided by employees leading to the crucial significance of the value of such employees to the organization. Therefore Board said that managers have to recognize the fact that employees who are capable of adding value to the organizations effectiveness cannot be replaced under any circumstances. As per Board, Generic definition of employee turnover and the use of credible tools for determining the factors leading to employee turnover can be assumed as primary highlights for this literature review that can propel the research activity (Board, 2013). Employee turnover can be defined as movement of human capital in the labour market largely observed in the hiring and separation dimensions. It can also be defined as rotation of individual human resources between the states of unemployment and employment as well as between jobs, firms and occupations. The quantified definitions of employee turnover can be illustrated in the form of the ratio of number of employees separated from the firm over a specific course of time to the average number of employees in the organization during the concerned period. Subsequently Brimstin, Higgs Wolf said that managers are also inclined towards the description of the complete process needed to fill a vacancy and the replacement cycle comprising of training and hiring in case of voluntary and involuntary separation of employees from the organization (Brimstin, Higgs Wolf, 2015). One of the prolific theoretical dimensions reflecting on the voluntary turnover is the unfolding model that emphasizes on the illustration of voluntary turnover as the outcome of personal decisions to quit the organization. Image theory can be associated profoundly with the process of decision making through information processing leading to explicit identification and analysis of the reasons to quit by employees. As per Buede, et al, Literature also indicates prominent references to the lack of cognitive resources for employees to ensure systemic evaluation of all the incoming information that leads to the preferences of employees for comparing the information with the heuristic standards for decision making (Buede, et al., 2013). Fish Bone Chart: The utilization of root cause analysis has been implemented in research studies pertaining to employee turnover and its effectiveness has been perceived in identification of the underlying factors that lead to occurrence of adverse events. As per Catherall Rhodes, the estimation of the contributing factors for employee turnover could be a promising implication for drawing actions that could help in improvement of the adverse scenario faced by an organization. The fishbone chart is helpful for improving the competences of brainstorming to recognize the causes of problem as well as sorting them into individual categories which could provide a structure impression of the issue posed for the organization (Catherall Rhodes, 2014). Root cause analysis is also associated with the formidable implications for obtaining insights into the alternative causes which might not be otherwise linked with employee turnover. In case of employee turnover, the impact of environmental factors, people or staff related factors, equipment and suppliers as well as the regulatory frameworks have been identified as major influences on the increasing employee turnover (Cooper Kithuka, 2013). Environmental factors: The foremost impacts that can be drawn in context of employee turnover in the specialty kitchen hand sector include the environmental factors that are reflective of fluctuations in property prices and rates of penalties. Environmental factors leading to cancellation of work permits and visa as well as the global economic downturn have profound impact on the rates of employee turnover. The cancellation of work permits and visa could lead to the restriction of access to a diversified and competent workforce for the organization. For example, cancellation of work permits for Italian chefs in Australia could lead to higher employee turnover of Italian Chefs working in Australian restaurants and food outlets. The global financial crisis has created notable concerns for the revenue frameworks of the organizations in the specialty restaurant sector as well as implying the changes in remuneration of employees that could lead to formidable concerns from the employees for analysing an exit from the organization. As per Dusoulier Downes, fluctuations in property prices and penalty rates could be accounted as subsequent impacts on the outcomes of analysis implemented by employees prior to separation from an organization. The other prominent aspects of people, process, material and machine are also identified as major causes of employee turnover (Dusoulier Downes, 2016). Process: Employee turnover can be escalated by the insufficiencies in the process dimension of specialty restaurant services. The essential factors in the process dimension reflect on the lack of motivation, improper supervision, training and development insufficiencies, hiring process and the lack of orientation in the roster of organizational processes. Limitations in the case of motivation could lead to ambiguities among the employees pertaining to their job responsibilities and roles could lead to depreciation in performance. It is essential to observe the impact of training insufficiencies which could lead to reluctance among employees to continue with their professional initiatives. The initial problems are derived from the impact of inappropriate hiring procedures alongside implying the major indications towards selection of inappropriate candidates for the job. The presence of academic qualifications and technical expertise has to be complemented with the support of behavioural traits that allow individuals to adapt better to their environment surroundings. According to Folsom-Kovarik Raybourn, the proper representation of the organizational roster could also lead to substantial issues pertaining to the lack of formal understanding among the distinct organizational processes and the involved entities as well as individual. These factors are further complicated by the dimensions of delay in remuneration for the employees as well as the training process which could lead to higher turnover of employees (Folsom-Kovarik Raybourn, 2016, November). People: The process dimension impinged major emphasis on the recruitment, training and remuneration aspects which leads to the concerns for people related causes for higher turnover of employees. As discussed earlier, recruitment process should be selective enough to acquire workforce that can cater the organizational objectives without any potential challenges. Employee turnover is influenced by the people aspect of causes refer to the wrong selection and poor training of people that could lead to misalignment of employee behavioural traits. First of all, the employees who perceive no support from the other employees in the workplace environment could be more likely to exit the organization. The wrong selection of people could lead to proliferation of concerns among existing workforce of the organization. The existing employees could perceive the competences of the newly recruited people as inferior to their competences leading to dissent. As per Giordano Jackson, the inappropriate training of the human capital could also be accounted as an influencing factor for employee turnover which can be implicative of the outcomes such as inability of new employees to address organization specific tasks. The lack of competence among the employees could not be addressed without proper training since they could lose confidence and self-esteem in the long run due to inability for completing tasks assigned to them (Giordano Jackson, 2013). Hence employees could perceive the lack of training as a plausible reason to exit from the organization thereby leading to improvement of employee turnover. Equipment: The food and beverage industry is also vulnerable to the impact of machine dimension pertaining to the organizations. The requirement of information systems and the positive improvements introduced in technology by the sector creates the requirement for highly proficient workforce. Technical competences have become a major concern for managers in context of employee turnover since the introduction of new technologies could lead to apprehensions among existing employees to learn the new technologies and apply them in organizational tasks. The newly introduced implications of robotization in the specialty restaurant sector reflect on the mandatory concerns for increasing automation in context of service provision (Dusoulier Downes, 2016). Examples of automated billing systems could be considered in the machine dimensions leading to higher employee turnover. The machine specific factors are related to the organization and hence managers could perceive the limitations faced by employees in operation of the organizational systems. Materials: The dimension of technology is followed by the materials aspect pertaining to employee turnover. The lack of information pertaining to the specific materials that can be used in the specialty restaurant services could lead to formidable pitfalls for the retention of employees. Employees with minimal knowledge of the materials used in the value chain of the organization as well as safety and hazard concerns could consider their inappropriateness in the organization and can be considered as a formidable reason to analyse for leaving the organization. The uncertainty of employees pertaining to their safety is also a major concern that can be drawn in support of leaving the organization (Catherall Rhodes, 2014). The kitchen hand sector organizations have implied potential implications towards the precedents for health and safety alongside introducing viable standards to determine the hazard level of materials used in the organization. Employees tend to face considerable setbacks regarding the perception of the toxic chemicals due to lack of information. The nature of materials used in the organizations production and distribution systems such as higher toxicity as well as the lack of access to resources that can safeguard the employees could also be accounted as valid reasons for escalating employee turnover. Others: There are some other factors that can change the turnover rate in kitchen sector. Most of them are uncontrollable in nature and will happen without any prediction. For example. Cancelation of 457 visa by the Australian government leads to high turnover in such sector. As Sydney is a multicultural place, where people from all over the world working. They somehow want to be Australian citizen and 457 visa could be one of the best option for them. Cancelation of this visa means people dont want to work in kitchen anymore; instead they will start finding other options. Possibilities of war, increasing terrorist attacks around the world, could be other vital reasons behind employee turnover in any sectors, of course in kitchen as well. Nobody could predict those things, but bring massive changes in employee dimensions. Research design: As per Goldberg, et al, the research design is reflective of the concerns for depicting the methodology, research instruments, data collection, limitation, data analysis, sampling scheme and size. In context of the research objectives identified with respect to the case of employee turnover which is increasing gradually at the Kitchen Hand restaurant, the research design would be helpful in realizing explicit guidelines for obtaining suitable approaches to address the increasing rates of employee turnover (Goldberg, et al., 2014). According to Greuel, et al, the research design can be assumed as a framework intended to guide the research processes and in this case a descriptive research design has been adopted for accomplishing formidable outcomes from the research activity. The descriptive research design can be explicitly associated with acquisition of qualitative data that is related to the nature of impacts that can be impinged by employee turnover on organizational efficiency (Greuel, et al., 2016). Descriptive research design allows contextual inferences pertaining to existing status of the phenomenon and description of the conditions as well as variables pertaining to the research context (Gupta, 2016). The consideration of descriptive research as an appropriate research design for this topic is reflective of acquisition of reliable data that can outline the true characteristics of the impacts of employee turnover that can be observed with respect to the efficiency of the organization in strategic initiatives. The methodology of the research is aligned with the profound references towards collection of primary data and secondary data which could also be reflective of the research instruments used in the concerned research topic. Research instrument: As per Hansen, the research instrument would have to be aligned with the documentation of responses from the participants in a structured fashion alongside obtaining a credible platform for accessing the actual information intended by the respondents. The questionnaires are specifically meant for allowing the participants i.e. employees of the Kitchen Hand restaurant to convey their honest opinions pertaining to research questions (Hansen, 2014). The design of the questionnaire as a research instrument could be associated with the generalized nature of questions alongside facilities that could prevent disclosure of identity. The weighting of the responses was also accounted as a promising feature of the questionnaire suggesting reasonable inferences into the prevention of employees being led towards answering the questions (Herndon Krueger, 2016). The specific questions which are included in the questionnaires referred to hours of work, wages paid for every hour and the benefits accessed by the employees in the kitchen hand. Sampling scheme and size: The strategic location of the Bel and Brio restaurant allows the suitable acquisition of reliable and accurate information that could emphasize formidably on the impacts rendered by employee turnover on organizational efficiency. The target sample group comprises of management staff of the restaurants kitchen hand and the former employees were also taken into consideration for the sample design (Hsueh, 2016). The precision of sample design is cognizably associated with the streamlining of issues that are responses for pleasing the management. Voluntary participation is able to dictate the acquisition of credible views and opinions and in this case was essentially directed towards the resolution of the core problem and 120 employees of the restaurant alongside the participation of five management staff ensured the comprehensiveness of data collection process (James, 2016). The management staffs are involved in the research activity through the route of interviews which makes it easier for them to cope with the questions and address the interviews without any major setbacks. Data collection methods: The research implemented questioning through interviews and questionnaires as a primary source of data collection and the method proves to be a reliable indicator of the acquisition of reliable and accurate information. The reliability and accuracy of the information depicted by respondents can be obtained flexibly from the implications of no influence required to answer questions flexibly (Johnson, 2016). Primary data collection is associated as a comprehensively significant entity pertaining to research efficiency that could be inherently related to the research topic for identifying factors for employee turnover. The primary data collection outcomes reflect on validity and first-hand sources of information that depict the opinion of employees and therefore in context of employee turnover, the personal perspectives can be identified explicitly. Secondary data pertaining to the research was collected from the academic research materials such as published journals, reports and reference materials (Ko?lak, Kurzeja Nawrat, 2013). The capabilities of the secondary data collection methods are directed towards interpretation of formidable information requirements that can be addressed in context with the specific research objectives. The data collection methods and their efficiency are perceived in the derivation of outcomes that are obtained in the analysis process. Furthermore the relevance of the data could be validated on the grounds of its application in the data analysis as well as the flexibility of standardization of the data to suit the analytical frameworks. The concerns of data confidentiality should be addressed feasibly in order to establish the validity of responses without any considerable influence on the responses (Lackey, et al., 2014). The data collection frameworks should be compliant with such ethical concerns which have been highlighted later in the research report to communicate the necessity of implementing a comprehensive data collection framework. The preparatory stages of evaluating the appropriateness of a descriptive research design as well as identifying the sample were helpful especially in terms of streamlining the scope of the research as well as limiting the chances of unwarranted influence of the other variables that are not related to the research topic. According to Lin, the questionnaire comprises of ten questions based on the distinct demographic variables alongside directing towards the individual causes which have been identified in the literature review pertaining to root cause analysis of employee turnover (Lin, 2016, June). The identification of specific implications towards the different variable factors is helpful in creating a lucid interpretation of the data collection outcomes as relevant identities for the research. One of the profound limitations that have to be addressed in the case of this researchs data collection would be to ensure the application of resources such as information and capital in order to ensure acquisition of responses from the interviews through online platforms (Long, Hyland Barnieu, 2015). Furthermore, the use of an online platform for collection of primary data could be associated with the explicit advantage of minimal bias in the responses that are characterized by the options of respondents not being able to view the research questions in advance. The obligation to address the individual questions in a specific order is a reasonable indicator of the inability of respondents to skip any questions. Data analysis techniques: The research design is also reflective of the formidable references to the use of particular data analysis techniques for different forms of data. The use of qualitative data collection approaches is implicative of the appropriate outcomes that can be derived from the application of simple descriptive statistics for analysis of data. The use of descriptive statistics analysis method is also useful for comprehensive analysis of numerical data that can be obtained from the close ended questions (Maraj, et al., 2015). The computer software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Microsoft Excel have been utilized for obtaining lucid inferences into the mean and standard deviation calculations for the primary data collected for the research. The software could be applied for refining, coding and categorization of the collected data which are analysed with respect to the percentage mean and standard deviations (Maxwell, et al., 2014). The findings of the data collection phase of the research has to be illustrated profoundly as tables wherein the description of data in the tables is tailored to the convenience of users and is reflective of the profound elements pertaining to percentage and frequency based representation of the data findings. The open ended questions and the outcomes as interpreted from the data collection findings reflect on the application of data analysis methods that can be reflective of the analysis of personal opinions presented by employees (existing and former) of the kitchen hand of Bel and Brio restaurant. According to McDonald, Alkema Benseman, description of the research design and methodology implications associated with the research objectives for determining suitable approaches for recognizing appropriate sources of data, sampling method to be implemented in the research, sample size and the design implemented for sampling (McDonald, Alkema Benseman, 2014). Data Analysis Findings: The processes implemented for the analysis, presentation and interpretation of data obtained from the questionnaires could be associated with distinct outcomes pertaining to the research objectives. The elaboration of percentages and mean deviation scores alongside their impact on the organizational productivity associated with employee turnover is a promising implication that can be associated with the measurement of data analysis outcomes. Response rate is the foremost measurement noticed in the data analysis findings which is further associated with the description of possible involvement of employees and the discontinuities observed with respect to the selected sample (Moss, et al., 2016, September). The response rate was estimated to be 100% as the 120 employees selected for the sample were completely attendant in the interviews and questionnaire responses which were also related to the successful realization of the data collection process. The observation of particular response rates above 50% have been identified as promising sources for research data that could be otherwise implemented for generalization of the characteristics pertaining to research issue from the perspective of specific respondents in a selected target population. The analysis of demographic information acquired from the research also involves the age of respondents, working experience and educational qualifications in order to establish reasonable grounds for the analysis of employee turnover factors in the kitchen hand of Bel and Brio restaurant. The representation of the findings from data analysis depicts that around 40% of the respondents were within the age group of 31-40 years and the other majority of 31% was vested in the age group of 41-50 years. The remaining shares of 20% and 9% were accountable for the age group of 18-30 years and the latter comprising of people above the age of 51 years. Educational level was also a profound variable subject to estimation in context of the research activity wherein the employees depicted considerably varying proportions. The college level education qualification was found in majority of employees that accounted for 45% of the respondents while the 26% employees had acquired university level education. The secondary level education was identified in 7% of employees while remaining 22% depicted courses in professional qualification. Work experience also serves as a considerable attribute for the determination of research findings pertaining to employee turnover and the related factors (Patrignani, Conlon Halterbeck, 2016). The working experience could be observed in the majority of the workforce with substantial experience of 7-10 years accounting for 40% of the workforce. 29% of the workforce was estimated to have 3-6 years while 12% of the workforce was associated with experience lesser than 3 years. The respondents with relevant experience above 10 years in the food and beverage industry were estimated to be 19% of the total respondent pool involved in the research. The apprehension of the actual reasons for employee turnover as based on the fishbone chart was helpful in determining the relevance of the case of employee turnover and its perception as an issue by employees. The foremost case dimension to be addressed in the research process has to be aligned with the identification of whether an organization actually experiences employee turnover (Piercy Cochrane, 2015). The employees subjected to the data collection process responded in a large proportion towards recognition of the impact delivered by employee turnover. Almost 88% of the respondents replied positively to the existence of employee turnover as a strategic issue while the remaining 12% did not approve of the existence of employee turnover. The interview findings were reflective of the implications towards lack of bonus and reward incentives on the lowering of employee motivation. The research findings say that the impact of economic uncertainties when compounded with lack of financial incentives could be assumed as positive influences on the realization of higher employee turnover rates. The interviews with the employees of the organization were also reflective of the ratings for employee turnover as facilitated by the enterprise (Prenzler, Sarre Kim, 2017). The notable majority of the respondents i.e. 60% of the respondents assumed that the threat of employee turnover in case of the organization is high and therefore requires substantial indications towards speedy resolution. The interview findings also depicted that around 16% of respondents reflected on the perception of employee turnover in average proportions and 10% of participants said that employee turnover levels are very high in the organization. The remaining 14% of respondents were accountable for perception of employee turnover on low quantifiable measures. The respondents also said in the interviews that provision of remuneration packages was not influential on the prospects of employability of the workforce and the participants also implied substantial references to the observed lack of employee benefits. The research was also inclusive of profound references to the estimation of conclusive reasons for increasing employee turnover in the kitchen hand of Sydneys restaurant. The distinct strategic approaches required for ensuring employee retention could be derived from these findings highlighted in the study (Prenzler, Sarre Kim, 2017). The consideration of particular inferences from the interview suggests the reflection on the findings pertaining to specific factors. The interview provides outcomes in which the people say that the lack of career development opportunities, poor work environment and material conditions, low employee motivation and people related factors as well as the formidable lack of retention strategies are profound influences on the employee turnover in an organization. The explicit references to the identification of these factors as profound elements leading to employee turnover could be utilized further in context of the recommendations needed to improve the conditions of employee turnover in the selected case organization of Bel and Brio restaurant (Zhao, 2013). Summary of findings: The majority of employees depicted their responses wherein the interviews said that the organization is experiencing higher levels of employee turnover which was accompanied by references to the lack of retention strategies as a major influencing factor on employee turnover. The majority of respondents also depicted their views pertaining to the impact of higher employee turnover on the productivity of the organization. The ratings of employee turnover provided by employees can be considered as a subjective interpretation since the disparities among the actual cases of employee turnover and the information possessed by employees are considerably different terms (Prenzler, Sarre Kim, 2017). The respondents also presented plausible insights into the determination of initiatives that could be applied for management of employee turnover implications. The research found that explicitly higher levels of employee turnover can be associated with negative impacts on organizational productivity owing to the exclusion of productive and highly experienced staff. Furthermore, employee turnover is also associated with the inclusion of new workforce that could not cope with the information and objective requirements noticed profoundly in context of the restaurants kitchen hand operations. The requirement of specific competencies can be addressed by the new workforce after a certain period of time. The research was able to identify in the interviews where the employees say that organization is depicting notable gaps in the provision of incentives and bonus that is based on rewards which leads to dissent among employees thereby leading to increasing rates of employee turnover. The research findings conclusively highlighted that the lack of reward based incentives and bonus payments is a major factor that leads to increasing employee turnover in the kitchen hand of Sydneys restaurant (Santos, 2016, July). The research findings also illustrated that the low levels of employee motivation can be associated with the increase in employee turnover. The research findings say that the considerable lack of emphasis on performance and merit as the determinants of motivation among employees could also be observed in the lower levels of motivation among hard working employees that are not awarded with promotion (Wang-Costello, et al., 2013). This factor that has been noticed profoundly in context of research pertaining to identification of factors influencing employee turnover is considered significant with respect to the examples of failure of organizational management to realize legible promotions of employees on the basis of performance and merit. Lack of staff training could also be identified as a noticeable influential factor on the employee turnover aspect of the kitchen hand. The reflection on lack of training is directive of the emphatic identification of long term issues especially pertaining to the career and professional development of employees. The lack of staff training could result in incompetency and limited performance levels thereby leading to lack of confidence among employees (Shidong Shuang, 2016). Therefore the people aspect of the organizational framework is reflective of the organizational managements lack of commitment for training and development activities of employees. Thereafter the work environment referring to the materials and technology aspects contributing to the improvement of employee retention rates can be assumed as a formidable determinant of higher employee turnover rates (Soni Sharma, 2016). Recommendations for improvement are also imperative derivations from the analysis of research findings which could also be associated with the management of causes pertaining to employee turnover in an enterprise (Sottilare LaViola, 2015, December). The foremost recommendation that could be implemented for long term resolution of the issue of employee turnover is directed towards the implementation of appropriate HR principles to ensure the establishment of a hygienic and hazard free work environment with the provision of updated technological facilities and equipment (Stevens, et al., 2014). In unison with such measures, the management also requires to ensure training and development so that the human resources could be capable of utilizing the technological infrastructure to the advantage of the organization effectively. Provision of team growth opportunities through team building and delegation tasks could be assumed as reasonable insights that can be implemented by the management of the kitchen hand (Toubman, et al., 2014). Recommended strategies for improvement: Identification of the sources that expedite employee turnover could lead to essential concerns for implementation of tailor made strategies that can address the issue. The foremost resource accessible to the management for introduction of reasonable solutions to the aspects of employee turnover can be observed in policy options. The management can implement the policy options for introducing reforms in the existing procedures or introduce new frameworks for the processes of recruitment, selection, training, wage payment, job design and induction. Policy choice is largely dependent on the appropriate diagnosis of the problem and while poor selection of people is considered as a major influence on kitchen hand turnover alongside, wage rates do not fall back as profound influence over the employee turnover trends in an organization (Brimstin, Higgs Wolf, 2015). The increased direct and indirect costs associated with labour turnover invite potential implications for the management to employ extensive research and identify the core measures that could be implemented for increasing the value attained by organization from existing workforce, improve the corporate performance of business and the acquisition of plausible returns from the investments made in people. Some of the measures which could be recommended for prolific resolution of employee turnover issues include employee engagement, knowledge accessibility, organizational commitment, workforce optimization, employee empowerment and job involvement (Catherall Rhodes, 2014). Knowledge accessibility could be used to address the various causes identified in the root cause analysis by increasing the interplay of knowledge and ideas as well as their communication to the employees. Employee empowerment and engagement could be recommended as potential remedies for reduction of employee turnover since they involve the comprehensive association of employees with the management as well facilitate innovative approaches for inducing organizational commitment among the employees. Increasing their salary is also a vital method to control the kitchen hand turnover. But the management dont want to pay more easily. So, they have to work diplomatically. Instead of direct salary increasing: providing fixed roster, long shifts could be other options. Including them in some decision making process also help to control their turnover. Conclusion: The reflective analysis of the research topic of employee turnover was addressed through estimation of feasible research objectives. The research objectives are profoundly indicative of the requirement to identify possible causes for improvement of employee turnover in the kitchen hand in Sydney. The use of literature review enables the identification of root cause analysis as a potential source for depicting the notable issues leading to employee turnover. The research also depicted selection of descriptive research design alongside the use of a qualitative approach to obtain data. The nature of the questionnaires and interviews was largely indicative of open ended questions that were capable of acquiring information comprehensively. The research then reflected on the use of data analysis to depict summarized representation of data collection outcomes and implement them in the formulation of specific recommendations that could be used to cater the research issue. References Ahuja, V., Kumari, M. S. (2013).Indian Construction IndustryTraining Needs and Issues.InProceedings of the 18th Annual Convention and Seminar on Training, Skill Upgradation and Competence Development in Building Industryof Indian Buildings Congress, New Delhi, India(Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 54-60). 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InProceedings of The Fifth Northeast Asia International Symposium on Language, Literature and Translation(p. 515). Soni, P., Sharma, D. (2016).A Study on Problems and Prospects of Industry Oriented Training Programs to provide employable professionals.Sankalpa,6(1), 1. Sottilare, R. A., LaViola, J. (2015, December).Extending intelligent tutoring beyond the desktop to the psychomotor domain.InInterservice/Industry Training Simulation Education Conference, Orlando, FL. Stevens, J., Eifert, L., Reed, D., Diaz, E., Umanskiy, O. (2014). Lessons Learned in Creating an Autonomous Driver for OneSAF. InInterservice/Industry Training, Simulation, and Education Conference (I/ITSEC).NTSA. Toubman, A., Roessingh, J. J., Spronck, P., Plaat, A., van den Herik, J. (2014).Improving air-to-air combat behavior through transparent machine learning.InProceedings of the Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation Education Conference (I/ITSEC14). Wang-Costello, J., Goldberg, B., Tarr, R. W., Cintron, L. M., Jiang, H. (2013).Creating an advanced pedagogical model to improve intelligent tutoring technologies.InThe Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation Education Conference (I/ITSEC). Zhao, L. (2013).Development of a VRbased CMM system for industry training and CMM path planning.University of Manitoba (Canada).

Muhammad Ali Essays (930 words) - Muhammad Ali,

Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ali is one of the best, if not the best, boxers of all time. He was an influential leader not only inside the ring, but throughout the world. His overwhelming confidence captured millions, bringing the sport of boxing the publicity it has always deserved. Though many criticized his brash comments, he became a role model of children across the nation. He frequently gave speeches in schools and ghettos throughout America. He managed to succeed in a world that was run by whites. Born January 17, 1942, in Louisville, Kentucky, Cassius Clay, Jr., displayed fighting skills early in his life when he punched his mother after she spanked him for misbehavior. It was not until he turned 12, however, that he became interested in boxing. He had just received a new, red bicycle for his birthday, so he and a friend rode bikes to the fair. While he was milling around, someone stole his bike. He searched for his bike for hours, but it was to no avail. When he started asking people on his block if they had seen it, someone suggested he go ask Joe Martin, a policeman and owner of a boxing gym. Cassius was awestruck the moment he walked into the gym. Joe gave him an application and Cassius joined the gym the following day. Though he had not found his bike, he did find his future. Cassius trained constantly. He worked out after school every day, and he trained with Fred Stoner after supper from eight until midnight. Finally, his hard work was starting to pay off. In 1956 he won the Kentucky Golden Gloves tournament. Then, in 1958, he won the Louisville Golden Gloves light-heavyweight crown. He went on to win the National Golden Gloves light-heavyweight title in Chicago. Cassius really showed his skills in 1960 by winning the Golden Gloves title in Madison Square Garden as well as the Tournament of Champions in Chicago. Throughout his amateur career, Cassius had fought in 130 fights and won all but seven. As his wins increased, so did his boasting. He bragged that he was going to win the gold metal in the 1960 summer Olympics before even stepping on the plane. When he returned home with the gold metal around his neck, however, he still was not even allowed to order a cheeseburger from a fast food restaurant. This upset him so much that he ran to a nearby river and threw his metal into the swift current. Cassius was now ready to turn pro. He brought attention to himself by bragging about his boxing abilities as much as possible. He also predicted the round in which he would defeat his opponents. The arrogant poems quickly followed. Unbeaten, he felt he could face Sonny Liston, the Heavyweight Champion of the world. After being pummeled for six straight rounds, Liston could not get off his stool to fight the seventh round. Cassius Clay was now the Heavyweight Champion! In 1963, a few weeks after his fight with Liston, Cassius announced that he was a member of the Muslim faith and had changed his name to Muhammad Ali. Ironically, the name means "the one who is worthy of praise". Many people were upset at this because they thought the Muslims were violent racists. Ali told reporters that "Islam is a religion of peace and love. All I want is peace." Ali was drafted into the army in 1967. He refused to serve in the army, as killing and bearing weapons were against his religious principles. After being found guilty of draft dodging, the World Boxing Association (WBA)stripped him of his championship title and boxing license. His lawyers made an appeal, and this time the court confirmed his beliefs were sincere. His license was returned as well as his title. He soon lost his title, however, in 1971 in a 15 round match against Joe Frazier. Many people thought Ali should have retired after the loss, but he refused to quit. He only ran and trained harder and longer. This helped him to overcome the odds and regain his title in 1974 by knocking out George Foreman in the eighth round. Again, people believed Ali should have retired a champion, but he kept on fighting....and winning! Writers that year voted him the third greatest athlete from 1900-1977, next to Jim Thorpe and Babe Ruth. In 1978 Ali lost his title in a 15 round fight versus Leon Spinks. After a long and grueling seven months of training, Ali won back the championship

A Dream Shattered or Still a Big Potential Essay Essay Example

A Dream Shattered or Still a Big Potential Essay Essay Example A Dream Shattered or Still a Big Potential Essay Essay A Dream Shattered or Still a Big Potential Essay Essay Essay Topic: Catching Fire A DREAM SHATTERED OR STILL A BIG POTENTIAL: A CASE STUDY OF TATA NANO Abstract Keeping the potency of Indian Automobile Industry in head. a few old ages back. around 2006 Ratan Tata conceived the thought of a bantam auto with even a bantam monetary value ticket for quickly turning in-between category section. Tata Nano was seen as a victory of place grown technology ; as doing a merchandise which encapsulates the dreams of 1000000s of Indians with all the elements of mix i. e. safety. technology. design. efficiency. manner at a monetary value ticket of one hundred thousand was in itself a challenge. The intense media examination about the few instances of Nano catching fire brought a singular dent in Nano gross revenues and shattered the customers’ assurance in auto. Since so Nano is fighting difficult to recover its strong image in the eyes of its clients as still the immense potency of in-between section is undiscovered. The treatment arises about the turnaround schemes of Nano maintaining in position its initial launch success. a few quality failures and deformed perceptual experiences in the heads of its clients. This treatment will further add to the design of schemes for future new merchandises which are good strategized for success with clear and defined imaginable about the costs. and market sections but fail due to a few little but important errors. Keywords: Merchandise Development. . USP ( alone merchandising preposition ) . Buzz selling. Communication Complacency. Strategic Repositioning. Resurrection. *This instance survey is developed during the Resurrection stage of Tata Nano in March 2012 for schoolroom treatment as a perfect illustration for analysing assorted facets in the launch of an advanced merchandise. . its market credence. Changing people perceptual experiences etc. National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012 1087 A Dream Shattered or Still A Large Potential: A Case Study of Tata Nano Introduction Merely a few months back. India overtook Brazil as the 6th largest rider vehicle maker in the universe ( Wikipedia Automobile industry ) . This proves the fact that the Indian Automobile Industry is traveling at a fast gait. India is a turning market for Hatchbacks. Sedans. SUVs MUVs. Crossing overs and MPVs. Among these little autos have emerged as a clear victor. In fact the state has become a taking Centre in bring forthing little autos. Keeping this potency of Indian Automobile Industry in head. a few old ages back. around 2006 Ratan Tata conceived the thought of a bantam auto with even a bantam monetary value ticket for quickly turning in-between category section. Tata Nano achieved instant success when it was introduced as world’s cheapest auto in the twelvemonth 2009. Tata Nano was seen as a victory of place grown technology ; as doing a merchandise which encapsulates the dreams of 1000000s of Indians with all the elements of mix i. e. safety. technology. design. efficiency. manner at a monetary value ticket of one hundred thousand was in itself a challenge. And Tata’s seemed to carry through all the promises to its clients by offering Nano. Majority of Indian population belong to middle category. when it comes to buying autos they look for the low-cost vehicles. Few surveies related to consumer purchasing behaviour show that if an single belonging to middle category wants to have a auto so he can easy blast out `1 lac to `1. 5 hundred thousand. Therefore. while purchasing a auto. monetary value ticket becomes a premier factor. Though pricing is the premier factor. public presentation. manner and lastingness besides affair. So. Nano basically being a dream undertaking for Tatas. satisfied really aptly all the criteria’s of a successful launch. that is. bantam monetary value ticket. public presentation. design. manner. trade name. welcoming clients. milage. infinite. insides. expressions. elegance and so on. But the sarcasm started when the safest acclaimed auto of Tata’s caught in fires while its manner back from salesroom to place. The intense media examination about the few instances of Nano catching fire brought a singular dent in Nano gross revenues and shattered the customers’ assurance in auto. Since so Nano is fighting difficult to recover its strong image in the eyes of its clients as still the immense potency of in-between section is undiscovered. National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012 1088 A Dream Shattered or Still A Large Potential: A Case Study of Tata Nano The treatment arises about the turnaround schemes of Nano maintaining in position its initial launch success. a few quality failures and deformed perceptual experiences in the heads of its clients. This treatment will further add to the design of schemes for future new merchandises which are good strategized for success with clear and defined conceival about the costs. and market sections but fail due to a few little but important errors. This treatment can further go on for strategic repositioning and turnaround of merchandises accepted good in their initial phases of ‘PLC’ but matured really shortly due to certain important selling errors. Conceiving of the Idea The thought conceived about Nano was a dare dream of Tatas’ non because of its unbelievably low-cost monetary value but besides because of the promise it held for supplying safe personal mobility to a immense subdivision of the Indian two Wheeler siting population. It was an wholly new merchandise Beginning: Statisticss by Society of Indian Autommobile Manufacturers section with a whole different dimension of its demand to incorporate costs within a predetermined mark of `1 hundred thousand. The Nano monetary value was the lone certainty at the clip thought was conceived. And so get downing from a clean sheet of paper. the auto was designed and developed maintaining fabrication costs. stuff costs and production costs at lowest possible degree along with keeping its character. manner. endearing expressions and finished quality. National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012 1089 A Dream Shattered or Still A Large Potential: A Case Study of Tata Nano Problems in the Product Development Phase Ride for Tatas in the production of Nano had been anything but smooth. Tata built a Nano works in West Bengal but was forced out in Oct. . 2008 due to violent protest from husbandmans. This event resulted in the impermanent hold in the production along with doing a immense loss of substructure costs of a works about ready for auto production. Another works was built at Sanand in Gujrat where the production eventually started. These initial constrictions in the production someplace affected the enthusiasm about the undertaking and resulted in limited early handiness which caused pre-bookings and lottery bringings. This priced out many purchasers negatively snaping out the impulse from the market. Almost from the start the undertaking was plagued by jobs and were magnified by intense media engagement. Most Anticipated launch When India’s Tata Motors launched Nano in 2009. the construct of the world’s cheapest auto in one of the fast growing vehicles markets seems pre-destined for success. At its launch. auto purchasing kineticss seemed to be undergoing a elusive alteration. Tata traders were flooded with questions from prospective purchasers. Peoples chiefly in-between category were uneasily waiting for it. Bing the world’s cheapest auto. Tata Nano had an border over its rivals in footings of its pricing. which helped Tata to register nice gross revenues figures ab initio. While taking between Maruti Suzuki 800 and Tata Nano. people gave missive more weightage in footings of monetary value and design. Its biggest USP ( alone merchandising preposition ) was its attractive expressions at lowest monetary value. In March 2009. when Tata was launched it got beforehand engagements upto 2. 00. 000 autos but it went through lottery path to give the first 1. 00. 000 nanos to its lucky clients. Nano became the most desired thing for two Wheeler riders and Tata was so confident about its merchandise that it did’nt travel into any selling program for Nano. Its intense ballyhoo was itself making its bombilation marketing1. So. Tata got busy in bring forthing Nanos to carry through its intense demand but at the same clip being really self-satisfied about the market and clients perceptual experiences of the auto. 1. Buzz selling is word of oral cavity recommendations by its bing users National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012 1090 A Dream Shattered or Still A Large Potential: A Case Study of Tata Nano Sudden No-No for Nano Among all this ballyhoo when the new emerged in-between section of auto proprietors were basking their drive in their sparkling fashionable Nanos. first instance of Nano catching fire was reported in March. 2010 while its trip from salesroom to customer’s house. Another incident quoted the auto went on fires shortly after the driver reported a flicker from the rear side of the auto. The confidence of Tata’s cheapest auto being safest proved ironical and the media which was giving intense examination to the undertaking did its occupation good during the bad times besides. The security failure of the auto wholly broke the trust of the clients in Nano. A drastic lessening in gross revenues was noticed in November 2010 ( from 9000 units to 509 units per month ) when company called its bing clients to put in the safety devices in the auto. So with in a twelvemonth the inspiration of Tatas started looking like a failure as its gross revenues went about half within a twelvemonth. Gross saless were far off the mark of 25000 autos a month and the Nano works with an one-year capacity of 250000 autos kept bring forthing merely 8000 units a month till March 2011. Table 1: Gross saless Excerpts ( From July 2009 to March 2012 ) Month and twelvemonth Nano units sold July 2009 2475 Dec 2009 4001 March 2010 4710 April 2010 3525 July 2010 9000 Nov 2010 509 Dec 2010 5784 Beginning: assorted web sites of Tata motors Month and twelvemonth Jan 2011 April 2011 July 2011 Dec 2011 Jan 2012 Feb 2012 Mar 2012 Nano units sold 6703 10012 3260 7466 7723 9217 10475 National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012 1091 A Dream Shattered or Still A Large Potential: A Case Study of Tata Nano Tata Nano Performance V Automobile Industry Production ( Passenger Vehicles ) Industrial Scanning and analysis showed that the rider vehicles production in the state was turning enormously ( Fig. 3 ) . but Nano gross revenues showed a assorted tendency till the mid of 2011 ( Fig 2 ) . The company took to replace the starting motor motors in the older theoretical accounts and launched a new theoretical account in 2012 but replacing of the parts could besides impact the farther gross revenues of new theoretical account as good said. ‘Indian clients do non forgive easily’ . So. there was a great challenge for Tata to retain its trade name image. Inappropriate Market Positioning: Cheaper V Affordable After the several months of dissatisfactory gross revenues of Nano. it became clear by the terminal of 2011that its cheapest ticket has really shunned its gross revenues. The position witting client didn’t want to acquire associated with its ‘cheap’ ticket and instead opted for somewhat pricier challengers. Cipher wanted to be caught with a ticket of ‘poor man’s auto. So instead being a functional measure above a bike it became known as a bargain-priced auto. Crucially auto has struggled to happen a nucleus market. The overpowering involvement in the auto brought all the assorted sections of the clients in the market. So. a typical scheme was losing to give a right placement and cleavage to the highly typical merchandise. Communication complacence Tatas relied to a great extent on the promotion instead than a decidedly designed communicating scheme. There was immense engagement from media. industry and public at big. Rather than leveraging this promotion Tata became self-satisfied about the communicating. It became the first auto to be launched at zero cost of advertisement with a immense success. The promotion generated was far greater than what could be generated through any conventional run. Tatas supplication was that job was non of the complacence. Because the Nano works had to travel from West Bengal to Gujarat. production timelines were hard to keep. With non adequate autos being made. the company felt it didn’t have to publicize or even put up efficient distribution channels. But the ballyhoo about the auto died down. and the narratives about the fires gained prominence. National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012 1093 A Dream Shattered or Still A Large Potential: A Case Study of Tata Nano On the hindsight. apart from being delayed. the first ads were non the most appropriate. They showcased twosomes ensconced in Nanos. While those on two Wheelers stared at them balefully. It seemed to be merely for people who have to stretch themselves to purchase a auto ; instead it could hold been for homemaker or a child who had merely turned 18. But the advertisement focused at para degree. Tata seemed to sign the media narrative about it being a Garibrath instead than a cool auto. Another ad in the early 2011 besides projected the same image having a miss in a unquestionably countrified puting expecting the household Nano. Initial ads of Tata Nano: Khushion ki Chabi Such errors by Tatas really fuelled the perceptual experience of a hapless man’s auto. The auto is excessively much of an emotional purchase. It’s the 2nd biggest accomplishment after a house and the cheapest ticket proved black for Nano. Resurrection by Tatas Nano is the dream of Tatas and seeing the market flooded with so many little autos Tatas still see a immense potency in Nano and is looking to undo its errors in the yesteryear. As quoted by Ratan Tata on the Eve of Auto exhibition 2012. ‘Nano is non a floating-point operation. We have lost an early chance due to errors in placement and marketing the merchandise. ’ The new selling run by Tata is all set to alter the perceptual experience from a Garib rath to a cool auto as it allows immature to be so capricious with the cool auto that they can drive the several kilometres for a cup of perfect tea! Road to Lal Tippa National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012 1094 A Dream Shattered or Still A Large Potential: A Case Study of Tata Nano Tata is traveling to establish Tata Nano CNG by the terminal of 2012. The company has given the auto a new makeover by extra characteristics like new insides. a powerful gasolene engine. better fuel efficiency and attractive colourss like bubbly gold and papaya orange. Another enterprise is offering Tata Nano felicity warrant which more than doubles the car’s guarantee from 18 months to four old ages take a firm standing on its dependability. Offering fast path funding for purchasers with loan blessings in 48 hours and cut downing down payments to merely `15000 is another step. Tata is be aftering to come in new planetary market such as Thailand. Myanmar. Indonesia and Bangladesh with Nano. The 2012 version of Nano was unveiled by the Tata in the terminal of 2011 and now as the financial twelvemonth ended in March. the new attempts to advance the 2012 Nano in the Indian market have started paying off. After July 2011 till March 2012 Tata Nano has registered an addition in gros s revenues and crossed the 10000 grade at the terminal of the financial twelvemonth 2011-12 ( March 2012. 10475 units. Table1 ) . The lovely Nano is a large good auto in little bundle and its value is being recognized bit by bit by the clients. Hence. with the strong belief in head that the potency of Nano market remains every bit huge as it was originally predicted ; Tata is traveling with some strong stairss in the market as it is besides be aftering to establish a diesel discrepancy of Nano in near future which will turn out a value preposition for its clients. Long manner in front Nano has to travel a long manner in recognizing its dream of 20. 000 plus units per month that would acquire its works in the western province of Gujarat running full accelerator which is soon traveling at the degree of around 10000 units per month. Hailed as a collectors item of invention spawned from and targeted at the emerging upper in-between category ; Nano is working hard to undo its errors in the yesteryear. As little auto section is holding really strong potency. there is a inundation of little auto trade names in the Indian market. It has to confront strong competition from its close challengers such as Bajaj’s RE 60. Maruti Suzuki Cervo ( approx. ` 1. 5 hundred thousand ) . Maruti Alto and somewhat pricier options Hyundai Santro. freshly launched Hyundai Eon etc. Nano faces lifting competition from used auto section National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012 1095 A Dream Shattered or Still A Large Potential: A Case Study of Tata Nano besides. Apart from the strong rivals. high rising prices and decelerate economic growing besides put another challenges for Tata Nano. Tata is making difficult to raise the merchandise section by intensive dependability technology. advertisement inventions for shifting and strong distribution and service installations to remember the trust of its clients. Let’s see how Nano makes its shapers proud amidst conflicting perceptual experiences of clients. the huge competition and lifting rising prices by keeping expected public presentation at its tiniest ticket! ! ! Questions 1. What do you believe were the grounds due to which Nano was such a welcome launch more than any other auto launch in the industry antecedently? 2. As Cheapest auto being its USP ( Unique selling Preposition ) . how it went against the gross revenues public presentation of Nano later. Give cardinal grounds. 3. â€Å"Intense Media attending about the merchandise went for and against it besides. † Elaborate. 4. How the changed perceptual experiences about the auto impacted its gross revenues? Besides give other cardinal grounds for such a huge fluctuation in its gross revenues public presentation. 5. Despite the assorted Resurrection attempts by Tata what possible do you see of Nano in quickly turning little auto section in coming old ages in the position of lifting competition in the section? Mentions: ‘Auto Expo 2012: Tata Nano is non a floating-point operation. merely an chance wasted: Ratan Tata’ . Economic Times. Jan 6. 2012. ‘No Takers: Is the Tata Nano Runing Out of Gas? ’ . India [ electronic mail protected ]/*. January 27. 2011 Buddiraja S. . ‘ Case Analysis in Marketing Management’ . Tata Mcgraw hills. New Delhi. Dhingra Mayank. ‘Marketing Case Study: Tata Nano - Document Transcript’ . ( Aug 2009 ) . Slideshare. India Today/ Business/Story New Delhi. Jan 6 2012. Kotlar Phillip. ‘Marketing Management: a South Asiatic Perspective’ 13th Edition. Pearson Education. New Delhi. Statisticss by Society of Indian Mobile Manufacturers. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. siamindia. com/scripts/market-share. aspx Economic Times. ’World’s cheapest car’ ticket backfires’ . . 24 Jan. 2012 Web Sources: World Wide Web. tatamotors. com/media/press-releases. php? id=732 World Wide Web. zigwheels. c om/tata-nano/ World Wide Web. lens implant. co. za/business/business-news/home-sales-of-world-s-cheapest-car-backfire-1. 1219524 Assorted web sites of Tata Motors National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012 1096

5 Ways to Establish Your Writing Practice - Freewrite Store

5 Ways to Establish Your Writing Practice - Freewrite Store Today’s guest post is by editor and author Susan DeFreitas (@manzanitafire), whose debut novel, Hot Season, won the 2017 Gold IPPY Award for Best Fiction of the Mountain-West. Â   Â   Â   If you struggle to establish a writing practice, don’t despair. While writing will never be a completely painless process, there are ways to make it easier on yourself (not to mention more fun). First, though, some real talk: Most people who want to write never do. Or, at least, they never make writing enough of a habit to finish any of the big projects they have in mind, be it a novel, a memoir, or a chapbook of poems. Say you have a great idea but you don’t know where to start. Or you get started with your project but then lose the thread, or get distracted, and never wind up finishing it. In either case, the following tips can help you get started, get back on track if you’ve stalled out- and, ultimately, get to the finish line with your project. 1) Brainstorming Terrified of the blank white page? You’re not alone. There’s something about beginnings that’s deeply intimidating- especially when it’s the beginning of something big. The thing is, the beginnings are all about brainstorming and daydreaming- and as it turns out, staring at a blinking cursor on a blank white page is really not the best way to do either of these things. Neuroscience suggests that this sort of big-picture creative thinking- about what you envision for your project, its concerns, its scope, even the voice you hear for it- is best accomplished while walking, or in the back of your mind as you’re going about other tasks, or as you’re falling asleep at night. In this way, you’ll be partnering with your subconscious mind, opening the door to associative connections that simply won’t arise if you try to push. What are the questions driving your project? What do you know about it, and what don’t you know? In the earliest stages of your writing process, as far as I’m concerned, you shouldn’t be writing at all- you should be thinking about your project in a way that clues you into what it is you really want to do, and how you really want to do it. 2) Visioning Once you’ve answered these sorts of questions, it’s time to set aside a few hours to envision where you’re going. Take yourself out for coffee on a Sunday morning, or set aside those precious hours after the kids go to bed. This is your time to flesh out and solidify your ideas. What will the plot of your novel be? What topics will your essays cover? What are the concerns of your poetry, the forms that inspire you, the specific themes you’d like to write toward? This is the time to take all those big-picture ideas you’ve had floating around in your head and solidify them into a real plan. Be as specific as you can- this plan will be the roadmap for your project. 3) Set aside a regular time Only have a half hour a day to write? Or even fifteen minutes? No problem. When you have a detailed plan for your project, it’s not hard to make use of small chunks of time to execute it. You may do nothing more than write a few sentences, or a paragraph, or a few lines of poetry. But if you write each day- preferably at the same time, but not necessarily- you will progress in your project. If you can find more time to devote to your writing practice on a daily basis, great- but remember, it can be hard to continue a practice that’s based on finding big chunks of time. If you can learn to write in smaller increments, you’ll wind up writing more often (which tends to be the key to finishing). And if you lose the thread, remember, you have a blueprint you can return to (and amend, if necessary). It’s not necessary to keep the big picture of your project in your head at all times- all that’s necessary is that you keep inching forward, whether it’s a little or a lot at a time. 4) Find your people One of the best ways to ensure that you stick to your writing practice over the long term is to find a group of people who will keep you accountable for creating new work. This group might be a traditional writers’ critique group, or it might be a generative group like Sit Down, Shut Up, and Write. If you live in a place where writers are scarce, even a Patreon campaign that makes you accountable to your sponsors for new work every month will do the trick. Of course, it’s possible to establish a writing practice in isolation- but over the long haul, it’s hugely helpful to know that there is someone on the other end, waiting to read what you’ve written. 5) Make it fun Finally, if you find your writing process losing steam, stop and ask yourself why. Is it because you’ve become too critical of your own work? Because you haven’t gotten the validation and direction that comes through feedback? Or because you’re pursuing the wrong project, one that your heart isn’t really in? In the end, you may find it something more like the fact that your writing desk is uncomfortable, or that you don’t like working where it’s too noisy (or too quiet). Maybe you need to draft in longhand, or outdoors, or next to a window. Maybe you need to write with a cup of coffee in hand, or after you’ve had a glass of wine, or after you’ve read a poem by your all-time favorite poet. Whatever it is, you owe it to yourself to find out, and experiment until you find the tools, setting, and context that sends a clear signal to your mind: writing is fun, and this is a great time to make it happen. Now it’s your turn. What do you struggle with in your writing practice? And what has proven most helpful to you in staying on track? Â   An author, editor, and educator, Susan DeFreitas’s creative work has appeared in (or is forthcoming from) The Writer’s Chronicle, The Utne Reader, Story, Southwestern American Literature, and Weber- The Contemporary West, along with more than twenty other journals and anthologies. She is the author of the novel Hot Season (Harvard Square Editions), which won the 2017 Gold IPPY Award for Best Fiction of the Mountain West. She holds an MFA from Pacific University and lives in Portland, Oregon, where she serves as an editor with Indigo Editing Publications.

E-commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6500 words

E-commerce - Essay Example This technology has become the inseparable part of organizational integration, marketing, HRM, and customer retention. Hence, the firms with non-viable features are most likely to fail in the current business environment. Hundreds and millions of customers today rely on internet, either to purchase something or to collect information about various products and services they require. This fast growing trend is fondly referred to ‘e-commerce’ which forces entrepreneurs to modify their business in accordance with the market changes. In order to be competitive, organizations need to have instant and accurate access to information about their own resources and assets. Since the potential of the internet, as an integral tool of a company’s Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and decision making has been proven, companies heavily depend on the web based technology. This report will examine the main features of e-commerce, changing business models, features of digital mark ets and digital goods, various internet business models, principal payment systems in e-commerce, and new developments in the area etc. If a company runs its business functions electronically, the method can be called e-commerce. However, the type of e-commerce that a firm adopts depends on its organizational structure, size, business area, target segments, and many other factors. In common, e-commerce is effective between business and business, between business and consumers, between business and employees, between consumer and consumer etc. Regardless of the category of e-commerce, there is clear indication of more consumers and businesses entering the stream of electronic commerce. For instance, in the United States alone 2 percent of all retail sales revenue is generated from e-commerce; and coming days would witness tremendous upside growth in this area (Lauden & Lauden, J. P. 2007, p. 303). The term B2B refers to the sales and transactions between business groups which

Islam in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Islam in India - Essay Example The essay "Islam in India" talks about the Islamic religion that was started in India long before the death of Muhammad the Prophet. History shows that the Turkish people, including Muhammad Bakhtiyar, were the first conquerors that came over to Bengal and took over the Hindu kingdom.History tells about another invasion said to have started as early as 712. The invaders were led by the leader Muhammad Bin Qasim, who fought and won the war on Sikh land. This occurred a short while after the start of the Islamic religion in other parts of Arabic land. The religion was spread by the Arabs as they moved and fought kingdoms that tried to resist them, including Iran, Afghanistan, and India. The author shows that Arabs came to the land of India through the northwest region, which happened after talks with Buddhist leaders who wanted to help to fight Buddhist non-believers. This was an opportunity for the Islamic religion to enter and take over Buddhism kingdoms. Mohammed Qasim, who was aske d for help to fight Buddhism non-believers fought and won the war of Rewar in the year 712. The rule of Mohammed Qasim was followed by Turkish rule led by Mahmud Ghazni in the ninth century after the death of Mohammed Qasim. Mahmud Ghazni’s reason for invading India was to spread Islamic religion and the richness of Indian temples. Ghazni fought non-Muslim religions and destroying their temples. For example, Thorpe et al shows that Mahmud with his soldiers destroyed Hindu temples in the year 1026.

Media Impacts on Children’s Rights Essay Example for Free

Media Impacts on Children’s Rights Essay Child abuse gives most people a vision of the faults and blunders of the society. Child mistreatment is one of the most common crimes committed in the present. As for the Philippines, one can find vital statistics to certain crimes at the Bantay Bata 163 website (http://www.abs-cbn.com/bantaybata163). According to the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), 6,494 cases of child abuse were reported for the year of 2006 alone. Indeed, the government and certain non-government organizations must deal with these incidents of child abuse particularly the mass media. This paper examines the role of the media in relation to child abuse and child protection and argues that the media have been essential to the task of placing the problem of child abuse in the minds of the public and on the political agenda. THE MASS MEDIA According to YourDictionary.com, Mass Media is those means of communication that reach and influence large numbers of people, especially newspapers, popular magazines, radio, and television. Mass Media are those media that are created to be consumed by immense number of population worldwide and also a direct contemporary instrument of mass communication. Nonetheless, Mass Media is considered as the fourth estate of the society as well. It is the fourth branch of the government. It is the voice and weapon of the people and the society as whole. Mass media has various purposes, first is for entertainment, traditionally through performances of acting, music, and sports, along with light reading but since the late 20th century it can also be through video and computer games. Next is for public service announcement which is intended to modify public attitudes by raising awareness about specific issues like health and safety. And lastly is for advocacy. This can be for  both business and social concerns. This can include advertising, marketing, propaganda, public relations and political communication. MEDIA AND HUMAN RIGHTS As stated by the Secretary- General of the United Nations in 1998, Human Rights are ‘what reason requires and what conscience commands’ (Mizuta, 2000). It is commonly recognized that human rights are firm foundations of human existence and co-existence. It is for these human rights that the United Nations is engaged in securing the basic conditions of life, in ensuring peace, development, a safe environment, food, shelter, education, participation, equal opportunities and protection against intolerance in any form. The Preamble of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights expicitly states that: ‘every individual and every organ of the society, keeping this Declaration constatly inmind, shall strive by teaching education to promote respect for these rights and freedom’ (Hamelink, 2000). With this, we can say that all (including different institutions) are responsible in promoting human rights. Mass media present the opportunity to communicate to large numbers of people and to target particular groups of people. As observed by Gamble and Gamble (1999), mass communication is significantly different from other forms of communication. They note that mass communication has the capacity to reach simultaneously many thousands of people who are not related to the sender. It depends on technical devices or machines to quickly distribute messages to diverse audiences often unknown to each other. Thus, media in relation to human rights shows a exceptional characteristic in promoting it. CHILD ABUSE In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) define child maltreatment as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent or other caregiver that results in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a child. The physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect of children have a long recorded history. In the mid to late 1800s, it was reported that children were often sexually assaulted, that children reported honestly about their abuse, and that the perpetrators of abuse were often the childrens fathers and brothers (Olafsen, Corwin and Summit 1993). Every year, millions of children across the world are becoming innocent helpless targets of atrocities. They are the sufferers of ill-treatment, exploitation, and brutality. They are part of human trafficking to induce into prostitution rackets. In terror prone regions, they are kidnapped from their homes and schools and their innocent childhood is forced into the army to witness the brunt of cruelty. They are enforced into debt repression or other kinds of slavery. In Metro Manila, according to Australian study, urbanization and migration continuously increase, children are often forced by circumstances to help their families earn a living. Most street children are of poor parents who have migrated from rural areas to find better job opportunities in the city, but lack of education renders them ill-equipped to earn or survive in the city. Street children have a bleak present and an uncertain future. Life in the street is a constant struggle to overcome the various negative elements that threaten to overtake and destroy the hope for survival. The street child works under the heat of the sun or in the dark of the night from 6 to 16 hours, seven days a week, often in a combination of â€Å"occupations† each considered their only means to survive. In the cities, neglected and abandoned children find themselves in the streets fending for themselves and vulnerable to the various evils of the urban jungle such as drug addiction, crimes and commercial sexual exploitation. Children who are neglected or abandoned are easy prey not only to accidents but to commercial sexual exploitation, drugs, crime and unwanted pregnancies. Incidents of child abuse is still on the rise especially  child sexual abuse. Also on the rise are reports of physical abuse and maltreatment of children. According to the statistics, there are approximately 40,000 to 50,000 street children of all categories in Metro Manila. Studies conducted reveal that the number of street children range from 2 to 3% of the child and adult population. The national project on street children estimated the number of street children at over 220,000 in 65 major cities as of 1993. There are now about 350 government and non government agencies that are responding to street childre n and their families. The government has given special focus on helping street children with programs focused on health and nutrition, educational assistance, parenting sessions, livelihood and skills training, residential care, foster care and adoption. However for as long as there would be squatter colonies sprouting in urban areas and for as long as there are not enough jobs, street children will continue to dominate in the streets. In a 1993 survey of households, some 16% of households surveyed have children below 12 years old who are left unattended with no supervising adult in the house. This translates to one in six households where children are without adult supervision. The consequences of child abuse are overwhelmingly disturbing. It denies a child its basic right-education. While violence and abuse pose a threat to their life, it also offers more devastating adverse effects on their mental and physical health. Often it leads to homelessness, resulting in increased number of cases of vagrancy giving birth to a feeling of depression. To worsen the scenario, these victims are more likely to abuse their own children in future, thanks to the deep impact on their mind and the cycle will continue forever. Though the agony and the plight of these children remain suppressed in silence, the brunt of their exploitation is very real. Although, the whole world is morally fuming at the abuse children endure. Yet, protection laws against child abuse commonly meet with confrontation at all strata of society. Like the protection of human rights, child protection can also be effectively promoted through media. MEDIA ON CHILD PROTECTION The media have been essential to the growth of society’s awareness of child abuse and neglect, not so much from specific community education campaigns as through ongoing news and features reporting on specific cases, research and intervention initiatives (Gough 1996). Media representations are the primary source of information on social problems for many people (Hutson and Liddiard 1994). Specifically, it is apparent that the media’s conceptualization of children and young people, and media reporting on both physical discipline of children and child abuse, is significant in reflecting and defining society’s perceptions of children and young people (Franklin and Horwath 1996), and what is and what is not acceptable behavior towards children. In addition to news stories, feature articles, and investigative journalism, sporadic mass media education and prevention campaigns are launched. These campaigns usually endeavor to broaden community knowledge of child abuse and neglect, to influence peoples attitudes towards children and young people, and to change behaviors that contribute to, or precipitate, the problem of child abuse and neglect in our communities (Goddard and Saunders, 2002). The constructive use of mass media can assist in teaching children and young people socially desirable ways of dealing with conflict, knowledge of their rights to integrity and protection from harm, healthy eating habits and lifestyles, and ways to assert themselves and their rights in a positive, acceptable manner. In an Inquiry into the Effects of Television and Multimedia on Children and Families in Victoria, Australia, evaluations of educational television programs, designed either for pre-schoolers or for older children, have suggested their effectiveness in heightening a range of social behaviors’ (Friedrich and Stein 1973), diminishing the effects of stereotyping (Johnston and Ettema 1982), increasing preparedness for adolescence (Singer and Singer 1994), and stimulating the discussion of solutions to general social issues (Johnston et. al 1993). The Convention of the rights of the child provides for the right of children to access information and material to those that aimed the promotion of his or her rights. (Hamelink, 1999).Therefore, mass media as a  primary source of these information should provide the children proper knowledge of his or her rights. Also, mass media education and prevention campaigns may be designed to target children and young people, providing them with useful information and alerting them to avenues for further information, help and support. Campaigns can also use regular television programs for children. Research suggests that, at least in the short term, television viewing of such programs may increase childrens and young peoples knowledge and positively change attitudes and behaviors. Unfortunately, longitudinal studies exploring sustained effects are rare and thus inconclusive. It further notes that television is one of the most popular forms of mass communication and entertainment in has been under-utilized as an educative tool, and suggests that perhaps narrow vision has meant that the deliberate use of television simultaneously to entertain and educate has not been fully recognized. Despite this, Postman (1994) has argued that television is rapidly becoming the first curriculum, with educational institutions such as schools following behind. Further, campaigns may be designed to give children and young people an opportunity to express their views on issues that affect them, specifically targeting adult audiences that habitually ignore the views and experiences of children and young people. The UK Childrens Express is one example, as is Youth Forum in Melbournes Herald Sun newspaper. .Research on the physical punishment of children suggests, for example, that adults may be interested to hear childrens views on the issue of physical discipline, and children interviewed in the research were keen for adults to hear their views. To date, however, the media rarely, if ever, consults children and takes their views into account before reporting on the physical punishment for children (Goddard and Saunders, 2000) MASS MEDIA CAMPAIGNS †¢ EVERY CHILD IS IMPORTANT (Australia, May 2000) This primary prevention campaign used a comforting approach and incorporated a significant mass media component (Tucci et. al2001). As outlined in More action less talk! Community responses to child abuse prevention (Tucci, et. al 2001), the campaign sought to: elicit a commitment from adults to adults to develop safe and non-abusive relationships with children; persuade adults to stop behaving in ways which are harmful to children; educate adults about the important needs of children; and better inform adults about the causes and consequences of child abuse. The campaign encouraged all adults to: think and view children as a source of hope; understand the developmental variables of children; respect the meaning children give to their experiences; engage positively with the principles of childrens rights; and appreciate more fully the capacities and contribution of children to the cultural and emotional life of families and communities. The campaign also addressed: the commonly held belief that children are a cost to society; the perceived suspicion that any application of the notion of childrens rights will mean an erosion of parents rights; and the publics lack of understanding about the extent and nature of child abuse in Australia. The campaign continued until the end of 2001. A song, written by Van Morrison and performed by Rod Stewart, Have I Told You Lately That I Love You, was the focus of a television advertising campaign that aimed to stimulate peoples thoughts about the importance and value of children and how this is communicated to them. Television commercials were backed up by press and radio advertisements. In addition to advertising, the campaign sought media attention by involving Tracy Bartram, FOX FM radio personality, as an ambassador for the campaign. Media attention was drawn to the campaigns launch. A free information kit for parents was made available, parents seminar sessions, featuring Michael Grose, were conducted, and a website made readily available to the public. The campaign did not receive state or federal funding but relied heavily on in-kind support from individuals and Victorian businesses. Quantum Market Research monitored the effectiveness of the campaign. In  May 2000 and October 2000 telephone interviews were conducted with a representative sample of 301 adults. Public dissemination of research outcomes formed part of the campaign strategy. Tucci et al. (2001) report that the initial research findings, five months into the campaign, revealed that: Child abuse is as serious social problem that is poorly understood by the Victorian public while fifty one per cent of respondents believed the community recognized child abuse as a serious social problem and another twenty one per cent believed they accurately understood the extent and nature of child abuse in Australia, this is clearly not the case. Fifty nine per cent were unable even to guess the number of reports of child abuse received annually. Only four per cent of respondents accurately estimated the size of the problem. Twenty-nine per cent of respondents underestimated the problem by at least 90,000 reports. The idea that adults can hurt children is disturbing and likely underpins the belief by fifty one per cent of respondents that the community treats this issue seriously, but when asked to account for the extent to which children are being abused by adults, community awareness is sadly lacking. Eighty per cent of respondents strongly supported the need for a campaign against child abuse. Australians Against Child Abuse thus feels confident that the Every Child is Important campaign will significantly influence public attitudes and responses to children and to child abuse. Ongoing research into the impact of the campaign will in itself be valuable in contributing to the debate about the educative and cost effectiveness of mass media campaigns aimed at preventing child abuse and neglect. †¢ NSPCC Full Stop Campaign Primary Prevention (United Kingdom, May 1999) It has the ambitious aim of ending cruelty to children within 20 years. Costing three million pounds, it proposes to change attitudes and behaviour towards children, to make it everybodys business to protect children, and to launch new services and approaches (Boztas, 1999). The campaign is supported by Prince Andrew, popular personalities such as the Spice Girls, the English football star Alan Shearer, and companies such as British Telecom and Microsoft. As Rudaizky (quoted in Hall 1999) explains, a pictorial theme of the campaign is people covering their eyes: The theme of the eyes being covered is about people not facing up to the reality of what is happening. Our intention was not to shock but to move people into doing something about it. Child abuse is not nice to talk about. It is an upsetting subject but unless we talk about it, we will not end it. This objective highlights the suppression/awareness phenomenon mentioned above, and draws attention again to the need for ongoing rather than intermittent prevention campaigns. FAMILIES – University of Queensland Sanders et al. (2000) evaluated Families a 12-part prevention-focused television series designed to provide empirically validated parenting information in an interesting and entertaining format. The series presented a parenting model, suggesting strategies parents could use with their children. It aimed to reassure parents that it is normal for parenting to be challenging, and it hoped to increase parents confidence that positive changes in childrens behavior were achievable. The series also aimed to increase awareness in the community of the importance of positive family relationships to the positive development of young people (Sanders et al. 2000). This media-based television series was considered to be successful, specifically in relation to its impact on increasing the parenting confidence of mothers. However, Sanders et al. (2000) concluded that the impact of the series could have been increased: by the strategic provision of service support systems, such as telephone information contact lines or parenting resource centers, which could be advertised as part of a coordinated media strategy planned to coincide with the airing of the television program. These services could provide information and back-up resources, such as parenting tip sheets, to parents seeking further advice after viewing the program. Staff at these centers could also identify and  refer families who may need more intensive help. †¢ BEYOND BELIEF (United Kingdom, 1992) A documentary claimed to show new evidence of satanic/ritual abuse in Britain. Following the program, helplines were overloaded with calls from people who had experienced sexual or ritual abuse. Counsellors noted that: The program appeared to have given callers permission to speak of their experiences and their gratitude that someone, somewhere took what they said seriously. (Scott 1993) Henderson, a fellow at Glasgow Universitys mass media unit, as quoted by Hellen (1998) commented that: A lot of people who have suffered child abuse quite simply lack the vocabulary, because of shame or fear, to come to terms with what has happened. Provided a drama does not place blame on the child, it can be very helpful. †¢ BBC Screenplay It has been suggested that sometimes drama reaches the parts the documentary cannot (Campbell 1989). Writing about Testimony of a Child, a BBC screenplay that presents the other side of the Cleveland child sexual abuse saga the story of an abused child going home to [the] abuser, Campbell argues that sexual assault presents television with terrible problems. Television is about seeing. But it censors what we need to see if we are to understand because it bows to propriety and thus contains what is knowable (Campbell 1989).Despite this, Campbell (1989) notes the power of fictitious drama based on fact to: invite you to think: what would you do if faced with that childs face, his fantasies full of terror and death, his starvation, his stubborn silences, his sore bum. †¢ COLD HANDS- (New South Wales, 1993) Armstrong (1993) argued that the play portrays a week in the life of a 12 year-old girl sexually assaulted by her father and got pregnant. The  plays focus allows the audience to gain an insight into the childs fear and trauma, the fathers feeble rationalization and defense, and the mothers fear of confronting the truth. Armstrong noted that the New South Wales Child Protection Council showed professional interest in the play and that plays have been used as part of child abuse awareness campaigns. The plays director, Ritchie (as quoted by Armstrong 1993) remarked that: The play is powerful, dramatic, presenting practical and emotional reality. It is confronting, but it emphasizes the fact that there is no excuse. †¢ QUESTIONS 2: Killing Tomorrow New Zealand A documentary, screened in New Zealand in 2001, graphically depicts the lives and abuse of three children. During the documentary, a Detective Inspector informs the audience that the drama is based on the lives of real people, and the audience is told how life turned out for the children and their abusers. Only those with ice in their veins could fail to be moved and there lies the problem. In each case, one adult or more had failed to take responsibility for the safety of a defenseless child (Herrick 2001). Reporting in The New Zealand Herald, Herrick asks what can programs like this possibly expect to achieve. Twenty years ago, polite society didnt even acknowledge abuse existed, let alone talk about it. So shows like this, which provoke thought and discussion, must be a sign of progress, even if the statistics say otherwise. Killing tomorrow was punishing if compelling viewing. Supported by New Zealands child protection authority, Child Youth and Family Services (CYFS), consider documentaries like Killing Tomorrow to be a powerful way of educating people about the issues and what can be done to protect children. We want to create an environment where child abuse is less able to exist and were pleased Screentime-Communicado has decided to help raise these serious issues (Brown, CYFS chief executive quoted in The  New Zealand Herald 28/11/01). After the program was screened there was a panel discussion of the issues presented in the documentary and CYFS booklets that provide tips on parenting were made available to the public. Child protection received 211 phone calls during the documentary and on the night it was screened. Fifty-three child abuse investigations resulted, five of which cases were considered very urgent [and were] assigned immediately to social workers for investigation (Ward, CYFS spokesperson, quoted in The New Zealand Herald 30/11/01). Also quoted in the New Zealand Herald 30/11/01 was Simcock, the National Social Services spokesperson: The documentary showed community groups were doing their best on the issue but government measures were sadly lacking the most helpful thing the government could do was to change the law that allowed parents to hit children. While the documentary appears to have raised awareness of child abuse and prompted some people to act on their suspicions of abuse and neglect, Henare, a Child Abuse Prevention Services spokesperson, noted that the objective of the documentary would not be reached without enough money for community providers (quoted in The New Zealand Herald 30/11/01). These are only some examples of media campaigns. There were still lots more evidences the media protecting children around the globe from abuse. Though media shows a remarkable effort in the child protection system, people can not stay away from the fact that there are still several problems these media campaigns face. MEDIA PROBLEMS IN CHILD PROTECTION CAMPAIGN Journalists willing to advocate for children and young people face the challenge of counterbalancing negative images or demonisation‘(Franklin and Horwath 1996) of children and, particularly, of adolescents, in print, television and film. Starkly contrasting with once popular views of  childhood as a time of innocence, less than positive images of children and young people in the media may place obstacles in the path of attempts to prevent their abuse and neglect. In 1968, 11-yearold Mary Bell murdered two boys, aged three and four in the UK. Twenty-five years later, in 1993, two ten-year-old boys murdered two-year-old Jamie Bulger in the UK, and in Australia in 1998, a ten-year-old boy was charged with drowning a six-year-old playmate. In such cases, a child being able to open his or her mind in abusive acts might be the perpetrator of maltreatment to his or her fellow. Psychologically, the Social Information Processing Theory of Aggression, comes here. According to Strasburger (1995), the central tenet of social information processing theory is that children create their own rationales to explain the behavior of others during social during social encounters. In turn, these self- generated interpretation influence children’s responses in their ongoing social interaction. Given that mental state operate in a feedback loop, it is possible that all social experiences, including those involving violent media, could influence social information processing. CONCLUSION Society sometimes fails to recognize that children are the most vulnerable group in our community, and are thus in need of the greatest protection. The social and economic costs to societies that have not prioritized childrens needs, especially the prevention of child abuse and neglect, are well documented. This paper focused on news stories, feature articles and investigative journalism. In this, we have concentrated on mass media education and prevention campaigns, television series, documentaries, and live theatre productions. It demonstrate the medias potential power to positively influence child welfare policies, community responses to children and young people, and societal acknowledgement of, and reaction to, child abuse and neglect. It challenges those who are involved in child welfare and child protection to make greater efforts to understand media influences and to use  the media constructively. Sustained community education and prevention campaigns, using mass media communication, are integral to the prevention of child abuse and neglect. These campaigns continually confront communities with the reality of child abuse. They challenge people, institutions, and governments to listen to children and to respond to the needs of all children and families, and particularly the special needs of children who have been abused or neglected. Further, sustained mass media exposure of child abuse and neglect may publicly censure and shame perpetrators, many of whom are relatives and adults well known to the victimized child. According to Tucci (2002), the agenda for our community and the government which represents us should be clear. The prevention of child abuse should be a priority. However, to be effective, mass media campaigns will need to be part of a broader prevention program that includes the provision of supports and services for all children and families. 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